The Bondi massacre - the deadliest terrorist attack in Australian history - would not have been stopped by any law or power, an interim Royal Commission report has found.
The interim report of the Royal Commission into Antisemitism and Social Cohesion, released on Thursday, concludes that no intelligence or law‑enforcement agency identified any legal gap that prevented them from acting before the horror shooting at Bondi Beach on December 14, 2025.
Fifteen people were murdered and 40 others wounded when gunmen opened fire on families gathering for Chanukah by the Sea, a public Jewish celebration at Archer Park.
The report confirms Australia's Jewish community was 'the evident target' of the attack, which occurred despite the national terrorism threat level having been lifted to 'PROBABLE' more than a year earlier.
ASIO had repeatedly warned of a 'disturbing escalation' in antisemitic attacks following the Hamas terror assault on Israel in October 2023, with Jewish Australians increasingly targeted at homes, schools, synagogues and public events.
Yet the Commission's report says no agency has admitted it failed to act because of legal limitations, a finding likely to spark public anger and renewed scrutiny of security agencies.
More troubling still are unresolved questions about police protection at the Bondi event itself.
The Jewish community's own Community Security Group (CSG NSW) assessed the threat as high and warned that a terrorist attack was likely. It asked NSW Police for support.
But the report reveals only three general‑duties officers and one supervisor were deployed - and they were not required to remain onsite for the duration of the event.
More to come...
Full list of 14 recommendations contained in the Bondi Royal Commission interim report
Recommendation 1
The procedures adopted by NSW Police in respect of Operation Jewish High Holy Days should apply to other high risk Jewish festivals and events, particularly those that have a public facing element.
Recommendation 2
Having regard to the significance of the role of the Commonwealth Counter-Terrorism Coordinator in providing counter-terrorism leadership, the Commission recommends consideration be given to making the Counter-Terrorism Coordinator's role full-time.
Recommendation 3
If the ANZCTC is to be used again as a crisis committee, the ANZCTC should be included in the Australian Government Crisis Management Framework so its role is clear.
Recommendation 4
The Counter-Terrorism Handbook should be updated promptly and then at least every three years in coordination with updates to the Counter-Terrorism Plan and the ANZCTC triennial review.
Recommendation 5
The ANZCTC should provide direct advice in the form of a written and/or oral briefing, at least annually, to National Cabinet (including, as appropriate, advice on ANZCTC activities, the use of the ANZCTC Special Fund, and national counter-terrorism challenges and priorities).
Recommendation 6
The ANZCTC should commission a review of the Joint Counter-Terrorism Teams, with a report to be submitted to Police Commissioners and the Director-General of Security within three months of commencement. The review should include consideration of leadership structures, team integration, systems access and information sharing arrangements. The review should place particular focus on the Joint Counter-Terrorism Team-NSW, elements of which should be for reporting specifically to the NSW Police Commissioner, the AFP Commissioner and the Director-General of Security.
Recommendation 7
The Australian Government should consider whether National Security Committee ministers, including the Prime Minister, should participate in a counter-terrorism exercise, along with all National Cabinet members, within nine months of each federal election.
Recommendations 8-12
These recommendations are contained in the confidential interim report only
Recommendation 13
The Commonwealth and states and territories should prioritise efforts to finalise and implement an updated and nationally consistent National Firearms Agreement.
Recommendation 14
The Commonwealth, states and territories should prioritise efforts to implement the proposed National Gun Buyback Scheme.